It is not uncommon to experience ear barotrauma. In fact, most people will experience this condition at some point in their lives, albeit not serious. Ear barotrauma is a condition that results to discomfort, and possibly even damage, in the ear due to the difference in pressure between the inside and outside of the eardrum. Under normal circumstances, the air pressure in the middle ear is equal to that of the air pressure outside the body.
The tube that connects the middle ear to the back of the nose and the upper throat is called the Eustachian tube. When an individual swallows or yawns, the Eustachian tube opens and allows air to flow out or into the middle ear, maintaining equal pressure inside and outside the eardrum. Thus, when the tube is blocked, air pressure is unequal and may therefore cause ear barotrauma. While ear barotrauma is not commonly a serious problem, it can cause discomfort to the person experiencing it. It is look out for differences between acute ear barotrauma (occasional) and chronic (recurring)
 Causes of Ear Barotrauma
Ear barotrauma is most common in environments where change in altitude is experienced. Apart from blockage of the Eustachian tube, the following may lead to ear barotrauma:
- Scuba diving
- Driving through mountains
- Traveling through airplanes
- Hiking
- Ear infections
- Rupture of eardrum
Symptoms of Ear Barotrauma
           The following are the common symptoms of ear barotrauma include:
- Discomfort and/ or pain in one or both ears
- Sensation of stuffiness or fullness in the ears
- Dizziness
- Slight hearing loss
Although most cases are mild, severe conditions can manifest the following symptoms:
- Ear pain
- Sensation of pressure in the ears (likened to being underwater)
- Moderate to severe hearing loss
- Nosebleed
First Aid Management for Ear Barotrauma
Majority of the cases of ear barotrauma are not serious and do not require medical care, unless barotrauma is severe. However, it is recommended to make use of the following tips to help relieve of any ear discomfort brought about by the difference in pressure. The following may help ease symptoms of barotrauma:
- Chew gum or suck on candy.
- Yawn.
- Follow this breathing exercise: inhale and gently exhale while holding the nostrils closed and the mouth shut.
- Some recommended medications include antihistamines, decongestants taken by mouth or by a nose spray, and steroids.
Ear barotrauma, a common condition, is a condition resulting to ear discomfort due to changes in pressure. It can be easily managed by following several first aid tips. To learn more about ear barotrauma and other kinds of barotrauma, enroll in First Aid Courses with St Mark James Training.
Online Sources:
http://www.healthline.com/health/ear-barotrauma?toptoctest=expand